Strategies for chronic disease patients to cope with the health challenges of Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
Abstract
Background: SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, has undergone numerous mutations, resulting in widespread health challenges and significant economic burdens. Beyond acute illness, a substantial number of individuals experience lingering symptoms, collectively termed post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS) or long COVID. These symptoms, including fatigue, dyspnoea, and cognitive impairments, persist or emerge after the acute phase, affecting 10% to 70% of recovering patients, especially those with pre-existing chronic illnesses. Chronic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and respiratory disorders exacerbate the severity of PACS, complicating disease management and quality of life. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines and the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for qualitative reviews. A total of 25 articles were identified, with 10 meeting the inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis, focusing on coping strategies used by chronic patients with PACS. Results: The review highlights the complexity of managing PACS symptoms alongside chronic illnesses. Coping strategies are essential for mitigating psychological strain, improving symptom management, and enhancing overall well-being. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to support this vulnerable population. Conclusion: Understanding the interplay between chronic illnesses and PACS is critical for developing effective coping mechanisms. Future research should prioritize integrative care approaches to reduce the dual burden of long COVID and chronic conditions.
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