Treating Cartilage Injuries in Young Patients
Keywords:
Cartilage Injury, Arthroscopic Debridement, MACI, OCA, OAT
Abstract
Young people tend to suffer from cartilage injuries caused by extraneous trauma. There are many treatments for cartilage injuries. This article recommends treatments for different cartilage injuries targeted towards young patients. For young patients with mild or asymptomatic symptoms without cartilage displacement, this article recommends mandatory conservative treatment for young patients. Depending on the recovery condition of conservative treatment, the surgeon can subsequently plan for surgical treatment. Depending on lesion size, this article recommends the following operations. For lesions less than 1 cm2, arthroscopic debridement is recommended. For lesions between 1 and 4 cm2, MACI is recommended. For lesions larger than 4 cm2, OCA is recommended as a priority. If OCA is not feasible, OAT can be considered.
References
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[13] Centeno, C. J., Al-Sayegh, H., Bashir, J., Goodyear, S., & Freeman, M. D. (2015). A dose response analysis of a specific bone marrow concentrate treatment protocol for knee osteoarthritis. BMC musculoskeletal disorders, 16, 258-258.
[14] Chimutengwende-Gordon, M., Ahmad, M. A., Bentley, G., Brammah, J., Carrington, R., Miles, J., & Donaldson, J. (2021). Stem cell transplantation for the treatment of osteochondral defects of the knee: Operative technique for a single-stage transplantation procedure using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. The Knee, 28, 400-409.
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[16] Cinats, D., Miller, S., Abusara, Z., Heard, S. M., Hutchison, C., Schachar, N., & Timmermann, S. (2021). Evolution of a Novel Tissue Preservation Protocol to Optimize Osteochondral Transplantation Outcomes. Cartilage, 12(1), 31-41.
[17] Cohen, A. P., Redden, J. F., & Stanley, D. (2000). Treatment of osteoarthritis of the elbow: A comparison of open and arthroscopic debridement. Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, 16(7), 701-706.
[18] Crossley, K. M., Vicenzino, B., Lentzos, J., Schache, A. G., Pandy, M. G., Ozturk, H., & Hinman, R. S. (2015). Exercise, education, manual-therapy and taping compared to education for patellofemoral osteoarthritis: a blinded, randomised clinical trial. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 23(9), 1457-1464.
[19] Dantas, L. O., Moreira, R. d. F. C., Norde, F. M., Mendes Silva Serrao, P. R., Alburquerque-SendÃn, F., & Salvini, T. F. (2019). The effects of cryotherapy on pain and function in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Clinical Rehabilitation, 33(8), 1310-1319.
[20] Daud, A., Safir, O. A., Gross, A. E., & Kuzyk, P. R. T. (2021). Outcomes of Bulk Fresh Osteochondral Allografts for Cartilage Restoration in the Knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 103(22), 2115-2125.
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[22] Dervin, G. F., Stiell, I. G., Rody, K., & Grabowski, J. (2003). Effect of Arthroscopic Débridement for Osteoarthritis of the Knee on Health-Related Quality of Life*. JBJS, 85(1).
[23] Di Martino, A., Perdisa, F., Filardo, G., Busacca, M., Kon, E., Marcacci, M., & Zaffagnini, S. (2021). Cell-Free Biomimetic Osteochondral Scaffold for the Treatment of Knee Lesions: Clinical and Imaging Results at 10-Year Follow-up. The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(10), 2645-2650.
[24] Di Martino, A., Silva, S., Andriolo, L., Merli, G., Reale, D., Zaffagnini, S., & Filardo, G. (2021). Osteochondral autograft transplantation versus autologous bone-cartilage paste grafting for the treatment of knee osteochondritis dissecans. International orthopaedics, 45(2), 453-461.
[25] Dong, Y., Zhang, P., & Fan, L. (2021). Recognition of Factors of Postoperative Complications of Knee Osteoarthritis Patients and Comprehensive Nursing Intervention. Computational and mathematical methods in medicine, 2021, 1840613-1840613.
[26] DrobniÄ, M., Kolar, M., Verdonk, P., Vannini, F., Robinson, D., Altschuler, N., Shabshin, N., & Kon, E. (2021). Complex Osteochondral Lesions of the Talus Treated With a Novel Bi-Phasic Aragonite-based Implant. The Journal of Foot and Ankle Surgery, 60(2), 391-395.
[27] Edwards, P. K., Ackland, T., & Ebert, J. R. (2013). Clinical Rehabilitation Guidelines for Matrix-Induced Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation on the Tibiofemoral Joint. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 44(2), 102-119.
[28] Eichman, E. A., Harris, B. T., & Burrus, M. T. (2021). Management of bilateral osteochondritis dissecans of the trochlea in a skeletally immature patient. BMJ Case Reports, 14(1), e239849.
[29] Fayyad, D. M., Abdelsalam, N., & Hashem, N. (2020). Cryotherapy: A New Paradigm of Treatment in Endodontics. Journal of Endodontics, 46(7), 936-942.
[30] Gu, Y., Yang, D., Huang, Q., Yang, W., & Liu, H. (2018). Robust EMG pattern recognition in the presence of confounding factors: features, classifiers and adaptive learning. Expert Systems with Applications, 96, 208-217.
[31] Hamblin, T., Curtis, S. H., D’Astous, J., & Aoki, S. K. (2010). Childhood Obesity and Low-Velocity Knee Dislocation in a Fifteen-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report. JBJS, 92(12).
[32] Harris, J. D., Siston, R. A., Pan, X., & Flanigan, D. C. (2010). Autologous chondrocyte implantation: a systematic review. The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume, 92(12), 2220-2233.
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2023-03-02
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