Triphenylphosphonium (TPP) Cation as a Promising Strategy in Mitochondria-Targeting and the Current Studies of the TPP-Based Mitochondria-Targeting Medicines in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Cancer
Abstract
Mitochondria are known as the “powerhouse†of a cell, in charge of the generation of respiratory ATP. On the other hand, mitochondria are also involved in cell metabolism, the formation and regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitophagy, and cell signalling. As a result, diseases like ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, neurological disorders, diabetes, and cancer may be caused by mitochondrial malfunction. Hence, mitochondrial dysfunction treatment has become a great interest in the research direction for the therapeutic strategy. To treat the dysfunctional mitochondria and facilitate the transportation of drugs, we need to accomplish accurate mitochondria-targeting. In this review, I will discuss triphenylphosphonium (TPP) as one of the most prevalent strategies in targeting and facilitating the drugs into mitochondria. Furthermore, the current studies of TPP in IR injury and cancer resulting from mitochondria dysfunction will be reviewed.
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