Advanced Emergency Medicine

Progress in Research on the Antitumor Mechanisms and Clinical Applications of Active Compounds from Phellinus igniarius

Guiping Xuan — 2025-11-18

Phellinus igniarius, a medicinal fungus with significant antitumor potential, exerts its inhibitory effects through multiple mechanisms, including the induction of apoptosis and immune modulation. However, its molecular mechanisms, signaling pathways, dose-response relationships, and the feasibility of clinical translation remain to be systematically elucidated. This essay reviews the latest research advancements in the antitumor effects of Phellinus igniarius, and identifies key challenges in areas such as synergistic effects and clinical applications. It aims to provide a reference for further research and development of Phellinus igniarius in the field of cancer therapy.

A Case of Acute Myocardial Infarction During Rapid Ascent to High Altitude

Haiying Xian* — 2025-11-18

Medical history: Male, 46 years old, driver. A long-term resident of the plains with no history of hypertension or altitude-related hypertension. High-altitude BP at 110/70-120/80 mmHg, fasting blood glucose at 6.6 mmol/L (health check indicated elevated fasting blood glucose; no further examinations conducted), previously undiagnosed diabetes, no thyroid-related disorders. Pre-altitude health assessment: BMI: 27.27, uric acid: 446 µmol/L (2023), 457 µmol/L (2024). No smoking history; occasional alcohol consumption in small amounts (approximately 50-150 g each time, 1-2 times per month). Symptoms developed about 12 h after driving from the plains to an average altitude of 2,580 m.Symptoms and signs: Sudden onset of squeezing pain behind the sternum after breakfast. Accompanied by palpitations, fatigue, numbness in the fingertips, and soreness in the jaw, the patient is observed sweating profusely with a distressed expression. BP 141/89 mmHg, HR 110 beats/min, SpO2 91% (not on supplemental oxygen), R 28 breaths/min. Consciousness is clear, no cough or pink frothy sputum, no significant respiratory distress, and no obvious abnormalities in urination or defecation. Physical examination: Bilateral pupils are equal and round, no neck stiffness, no dry or wet rales heard in both lungs, normal muscle strength and tone in the limbs, physiological reflexes present, and pathological reflexes not elicited. The patient developed upper back pain 0.5 h after symptom onset.Diagnostic methods: Bedside electrocardiogram shows ST segment elevation in leads V1-V5 and frequent premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). A complete myocardial enzyme profile, prothrombin time (PT), D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), biochemical tests, chest CT, and other relevant examinations were conducted. A repeat electrocardiogram was performed.Treatment methods: Cardiac monitoring and vital sign observation were administered, and venous access was established. Due to limitations in field medical care, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) could not be performed. According to the “Guideline for rational medication of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in primary care,”[1] and considering the unique circumstances of high altitude, the following treatment plan was implemented on-site: (1) Clopidogrel loading dose of 300 mg and aspirin 300 mg (chewed for rapid absorption) for antithrombotic therapy; (2) 2 million units of Urokinase dissolved in 100 ml of normal saline (administered intravenously over 45 min) for thrombolysis (1.5 h after symptom onset). During thrombolysis, cardiac monitoring showed BP 110-140/60-86 mmHg, HR 30-80 beats/min, and R 24 breaths/min. (3) Emergency oxygen therapy. The oxygen flow rate is set at 4 L/min via nasal cannula for continuous delivery and results in oxygen saturation levels of 95-97%.Clinical outcome: After thrombolysis, the chest pain decreased, and a repeat electrocardiogram still indicated the presence of PVCs, with ST-segment elevation reduced compared to before. Following the administration of morphine for pain relief, the patient was transferred to the Chest Pain Center at West China Hospital, Sichuan University, approximately 4 h after symptom onset. During transport, the patient remained strictly in bed and received continuous oxygen at 2-4 L/min. Throughout the transfer, the chest pain intensity gradually reduced. Cardiac monitoring during transport showed BP 120/60-140/89 mmHg, heart rate 50-90 beats/min, respiration rate 21-24 breaths/min, and SpO2 91%-97%; there were no instances of urination or defecation. The patient was admitted to West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 16 h after symptom onset, and received PCI. After one day of post-operative observation, the patient was discharged and returned home without any discomfort.

Solutions to Doctor-Patient Communication Barriers in Smart Healthcare Scenarios

Hong Ziqian — 2025-11-18

As a product of the deep integration of new-generation information technology and medical services, smart healthcare has reconfigured the spatial and temporal boundaries of doctor-patient communication and interaction patterns. With the wide application of intelligent terminals, remote diagnosis and treatment, data sharing and other technologies, communication tends to be efficient and convenient at the same time, but also exposes the operational barriers, information disconnection and emotional weakening and other practical difficulties. As the core link of medical service, the smoothness of doctor-patient communication directly affects the diagnosis and treatment effect and the quality of doctor-patient relationship. This paper focuses on the importance of doctor-patient communication, problems and optimization countermeasures in intelligent medical scenarios, and proposes to collaboratively promote from the dimensions of technology adaptation, information sharing, and humanistic exchanges, with the aim of promoting the continuous optimization and reconstruction of the doctor-patient communication mechanism under the background of intelligent medical care.Introduction Within this broader analytical framework, what might be characterized as intelligent healthcare, seemingly supported by developments in artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and big data, appears to be substantially reshaping the landscape of traditional healthcare services. Its prominent features appear to be a data-driven orientation, system connectivity, and operational intelligence. What this tends to indicate is that these features not only tend to expand the conventional boundaries of diagnosis and treatment but also appear to reshape the typical pathways of doctor-patient interaction. Considering the nuanced nature of these findings, communication has seemingly shifted from predominantly face-to-face encounters to platform-based and remote interactions. While communication efficiency has ostensibly been substantially improved, what appears particularly significant is that the problems of technical thresholds, communication distortion, and a perceived lack of emotion also appear to be becoming more prominent. What seems to emerge from this shift is that doctor-patient communication is no longer merely a single information transfer but what appears to represent a composite process that integrates technical understanding, knowledge conversion, and emotional expression. What appears to follow from this analysis, therefore, is that systematically identifying and responding to these apparent barriers seems to have become a key consideration for the smooth progress of smart healthcare. From this particular interpretive perspective, it appears necessary to explore the causes of this communication dilemma and the potential paths to break it at a structural level.

Current Study of Daily Life Influences on Sarcopenia Under the Healthy China Initiative

Wang Mengkun — 2025-11-18

The prevention and management of sarcopenia among the elderly are now a pivotal topic for healthy aging, in light of the Healthy China strategy’s comprehensive advancement and the escalating demographic aging.Aging correlates with an increased prevalence of sarcopenia, a degenerative skeletal muscle condition.Data from a 2023 epidemiological study show that 5% of Chinese community-dwelling elderly aged 60 and above suffer from sarcopenia.7% to 23.9%.This condition substantially diminishes the elderly’s quality of life and impairs their functional autonomy, concurrently elevating risks for falls, disability, and all-cause mortality.This paper delves into the factors affecting sarcopenia in the elderly in everyday life, and appraises the existing prevention and therapeutic measures.The study’s analysis of interventions’ effectiveness and limitations forms a theoretical foundation for sarcopenia management in the elderly.

Efficacy of acetylcysteine combined with budesonide nebulization in the treatment of neonatal pneumonia and its effect on serum inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indicators

Yao Yuan — 2025-11-18

To investigate the clinical efficacy of acetylcysteine combined with budesonide nebulization in the treatment of neonatal pneumonia and its effect on serum inflammatory factors and oxidative stress indicators. 97 children with neonatal pneumonia admitted to our hospital from September 2022 to July 2024 were selected and randomly divided into a control group (n=39, receiving budesonide aerosol treatment) and an experimental group (n=38, receiving acetylcysteine combined with budesonide aerosol treatment). The clinical efficacy, inflammatory factor levels [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP)], oxidative stress indicators [superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)] and the incidence of adverse reactions during treatment were compared between the two groups. After treatment, the total effective rate in the experimental group (97.37%) was higher than that in the control group (82.05%)(P<0.05). The levels of inflammatory factors decreased significantly in both groups. After treatment, the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP in the experimental group decreased more significantly than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of SOD and GSH-Px in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the levels of MDA were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group (7.89%) was lower than that in the control group (17.95%), but the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Acetylcysteine combined with budesonide has obvious efficacy in the treatment of neonatal pneumonia. It can reduce inflammatory response, improve oxidative stress, and is safe.

Prevention and Rehabilitation for Athletes Injuries on Sports Performance

Pang haowei — 2025-11-18

Sports injuries pose a significant threat to athletic performance and career longevity, affecting athletes across all levels of competition. This paper examines the critical roles of prevention and rehabilitation strategies in mitigating these injuries and enhancing athletic ability. It analyses common types and causes of sports injuries, including muscle strains, fractures, and overuse injuries, and explores the intrinsic and extrinsic factors contributing to their occurrence. The paper then outlines comprehensive prevention and rehabilitation frameworks, emphasizing scientifically designed training programs, proper nutrition, rest, and psychological support. A central focus is placed on the importance of technical training in skill development for improving performance and reducing injury risk. Furthermore, the multifaceted effects of injuries on an athlete’s physical and mental well-being are discussed. The analysis concludes by highlighting the benefits of physiotherapy and future trends in athlete care, underscoring the necessity of a holistic approach that integrates physical, psychological, and technical elements to ensure optimal recovery and sustained performance.

Study on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Female Premature Ovarian Failure

Xiong Gao* — 2025-11-18

Premature Ovarian Failure (POF) refers to ovarian dysfunction occurring in women before the age of 40, characterized by amenorrhea, infertility, and hypoestrogenic symptoms, which severely impairs patients’ reproductive health and quality of life. Traditional treatments such as Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) can only alleviate symptoms but cannot reverse ovarian function decline. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have emerged as a research hotspot in regenerative therapy for POF due to their multipotent differentiation potential, immunomodulatory properties, and paracrine characteristics. This article systematically reviews the biological characteristics of MSCs derived from bone marrow, umbilical cord, adipose tissue, and menstrual blood, and deeply explores their core mechanisms in repairing ovarian function, including inhibiting cell apoptosis, regulating the immune microenvironment, promoting angiogenesis, and exerting paracrine effects. It further analyzes the efficacy differences of various transplantation routes in clinical applications and existing challenges, and prospects breakthrough directions in technologies such as biomaterial-combined transplantation and gene editing. This review provides a theoretical reference for basic research and clinical translation of MSCs-based therapy for POF.

Research progress in dental bonding technology

Xuelu Zhao — 2025-11-18

Dentin bonding is a core technique in oral clinical practice. It seals the dentin tubules through mechanical interlocking and chemical bonding, isolates external stimuli, enhances retention, reduces microleakage, decreases postoperative sensitivity, and the risk of secondary caries, while dispersing stress to protect the pulp. It serves as the foundation for the success of modern dental restoration. This article provides a review of the mechanisms and influencing factors of dentin bonding, as well as methods to improve bonding performance. It discusses the latest research progress in dentin bonding in recent years, aiming to provide references for the development of more durable and stable dentin bonding materials and techniques.